During which stage of the incident response process is it appropriate to detail how a security incident occurred and the steps taken for recovery?

The "Lessons learned" stage of the incident response process is critical for improving an organization's security posture after an incident has occurred. This phase focuses on reviewing and analyzing the event in detail, including how the security incident transpired, the response actions taken, and the effectiveness of those actions.

During this stage, teams evaluate what went right, what went wrong, and how future incidents can be prevented or managed more effectively. Documenting these experiences not only helps in fine-tuning existing protocols and policies but also ensures that similar mistakes aren't repeated in the future. This continuous improvement process is essential for building a resilient security framework and provides an opportunity to educate all relevant stakeholders about what was learned from the incident.

The other stages—Preparation, Identification, and Recovery—important in their own right, focus on different aspects of incident management. Preparation involves establishing policies and controls to prevent incidents, Identification is about recognizing and confirming an incident, and Recovery concentrates on restoring systems and services to normal operation after an incident has taken place. While all these stages play vital roles in incident response, the "Lessons learned" stage is specifically dedicated to post-incident analysis and knowledge sharing, making it the right choice for detailing the circumstances and response related to an incident.