What does the term 'phishing' specifically refer to in cybersecurity?

The term 'phishing' specifically refers to sending fraudulent communications, typically in the form of emails, to trick users into revealing sensitive information, such as usernames, passwords, and credit card details. This form of social engineering exploits the trust of individuals, compelling them to click on malicious links or provide personal information under false pretenses, often making it appear legitimate or urgent.

Phishing attacks can take on various forms, including spear phishing, which targets specific individuals or organizations, and whale phishing, which focuses on high-profile targets. The effectiveness of phishing lies in its ability to manipulate human psychology rather than relying purely on technical vulnerabilities, making it a prevalent threat in cybersecurity.