Which MFA factors are used when a user enters a password and then an authentication code?

The scenario described involves a user first entering a password and then an authentication code. The first factor, the password, falls under the category of "Something you know," which is considered a knowledge-based factor. The second part, the authentication code, typically generated by a physical device or an app, exemplifies "Something you have."

In the context of Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA), it is crucial to use two different types of factors to enhance security. By entering a password, the user proves something they know. When prompted for an authentication code following the password, the user must provide a code that is usually sent to or generated by a specific device, such as a smartphone or a hardware token. This verification method relies on the possession of that device, which represents the “Something you have” factor.

This combination of factors is effective in increasing security, as it requires both knowledge and possession, making unauthorized access more challenging. The authentication code, often time-sensitive and unique, adds another layer of security by ensuring that even if a password is compromised, a second factor is still required for successful authentication.