Which of the following BEST describes a method to ensure ongoing assessments of security program effectiveness?

Regular audits represent a systematic approach to evaluating the effectiveness of a security program over time. By conducting audits on a consistent basis, organizations can assess compliance with established security policies and standards, identify gaps in security controls, and evaluate the overall performance of their security measures. This method provides insights into how well the security program is working and highlights areas that may need improvement or adjustment.

While ad-hoc penetration testing, annual policy reviews, and vulnerability scanning are all important components of a comprehensive security strategy, they don't offer the same level of ongoing oversight as regular audits. Ad-hoc penetration testing typically occurs sporadically and focuses on specific vulnerabilities rather than the broader effectiveness of security measures. Annual policy reviews may not capture real-time changes in the threat landscape or security posture. Vulnerability scanning is useful for identifying weaknesses but does not necessarily evaluate the operational impact or the effectiveness of the security program as a whole. Regular audits, therefore, provide a continuous assessment framework that is vital for maintaining an effective security program.